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observation post
An observation post, temporary or fixed, is a position from which soldiers can watch enemy movements, to warn of approaching soldiers (such as in trench warfare), or to direct artillery fire. In strict military terminology, an observation post is ''any'' preselected position from which observations are to be made - this may include very temporary installations such as a vehicle parked as a roadside checkpoint, or even an airborne aircraft.〔(DoD News Briefing, February 15, 1996 1:30 pm EST ) (from a DoD news briefing. Accessed 2008-06-21.)〕
==Operation==
When selecting a (temporary) observation post, trained troops are to avoid obvious and conspicuous locations such as hilltops, water towers or other isolated terrain features, and to assure that the observation post can be reached via a concealed route. This is especially important as the observer in the post should be rotated every 20–30 minutes, as vigilance decreases markedly after such a time.〔
Observation posts should be manned with at least two personnel (more, for defense and observer rotation, if the post is to be retained for longer durations), and should be provided a means of communication with their chain of command, preferably by phone instead of by radio.〔(Observation posts ) (from the ''Mechanized Infantry Squad Operations (Bradley)'' course manual, United States Army Infantry School, 1995)〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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